Organic Products

Humic Acid is a principal component of humic substances, which are the major organic constituents of soil (humus), peat, coal, many upland streams, dystrophic lakes, and ocean water. It is produced by biodegradation of dead organic matter. It is not a single acid; rather, it is a complex mixture of many different acids containing carboxyl and phenolate groups. so that the mixture behaves functionally as a dibasic acid or, occasionally, as a tribasic acid. Humic acids can form complexes with ions that are commonly found in the environment. Humic and fulvic acids are commonly used as a soil supplement in agriculture, and less commonly as a human nutritional supplement. As a supplement, fulvic acid is found in a liquid form with colloidal minerals.

Action of humic substances on plant growth:

Physical :

• Increases water holding capacity
• Increases aeration of soils
• Improves soil workability
• Helps resist drought
• Improves seed bed
• Makes soil more friable or crumbly
• Reduces soil erosion.

Chemical :

• Chelates nutrients for uptake by plants
• Possesses high ion-exchange capacity.
• Increases buffering properties of soils
• Increases percentage of total nitrogen in soils.

Biological :

• Accelerates plant cell division and promotes growth
• Increases germination of seeds and viability
• Increases root respiration and formation
• Stimulates growth & proliferation of soil microorganisms.
• Aids in photosynthesis.

ManiDharma’s Enriched Compost is prepared by mixing the nutrient rich press mud which is a by-product of sugar mills with nitrogen, phosphorous and potassium rich spent wash obtained from distillery unit, using an experimentally developed technology. This humus rich organic manure is manufactured by aerobic solid state fermentation process catalyzed by a special purpose microbial compost starter culture. In this process, decomposing beneficial bacteria and aero booster are engaged for proper and better decomposition of the mixture. In advance, as per the recommendation, additional of other rich nutrient containing materials like rock phosphate, humic acid, fulvic acid and extract of seaweed.

Advantages of enriched compost :

1. It provides a full complement of nutritional nourishment and improve soil health for sustainable growth of crop plants.
2. It provides all the essential macro and micronutrients with high organic content and microbial activity and high water holding capacity.
3. The continuous microbial activity enriches the organic manure and nonpathogenic.
4. It also provides biological control of fungal diseases, nematodes and other soil borne diseases.
5. It enhances the enzymatic activity of the plant, giving rise to increase chlorophyll synthesis, resulting in higher productivity and quality of the plant and fruits.
6. Unlike chemical fertilizers, this organic fertilizer remains in the root-zone for a longer period, thus providing effective nutrition availability to the crops.
7. Humus provides slow release of all the nutrients which is essential for crops. It absorbs the nutrient elements from leaching and thus nutrients are utilized efficiently.

Plant nutrients providers :

The mineral nutrients, which come from the compost mixed soil are dissolved in water and absorbed through  plant's roots. There are not always enough of these nutrients in the soil for a plant to grow healthy.

Organic matter is  vital for maintaining soil fertility as it provides different plant nutrients and suitable environment for microbial population and improves physio-chemical properties of soil. But in its natural structure, without being decomposed the organic matter contributes little to the improvement of soils and in crop production. The plant nutrients in these materials become available only through decomposition. Generally, under normal environment, it takes 3-8 months to get it decomposed while with addition of certain microorganisms (viz, Bacillus sp. , Pseudomonas sp. , Trichoderma spp. , Phaenerochaete sp. , Cellulomonas sp., etc. , ) the time of decomposition can be shortened to 4-6 weeks.

Biodegrader is enriched with mixer of microbes that activate and rapidly multiply in the manure composting pit with in 24 h after the application. As these microorganisms go to work to degrade the waste, the digestive process in the compost pit changes from anaerobic to aerobic, which quickly reduces offensive odors and destroys pathogenic organisms. The synergistic action of bio-augmentation and enzymatic catalysis breaks down even the toughest of animal and plant wastes into healthy, enriched, nutrient-balanced compost. Biodegrader produces large amounts of self-generating dissolved and free oxygen, which accomplishes aeration without turning the compost pit either manually or mechanically, thus saving both labor and energy.

Application method and dosage :

The most effective application method is to dilute 1 kg (to decompose one metric ton of waste) of biodegrader with 100 litres of 1% cow dung solution (or) 1% sugar solution and spray layer by layer on the waste. Alternatively, a number of vertical holes can be made in the manure pit and diluted biodegrader poured in it. Compost heaps should be covered with straw or plant-wastes to retain 40-50% moisture (ambient temperature for decomposition).

Sasyagavya is also known as herbal kunapa and the process of preparation is known as Sarvosadhi kunapa.

Enrichment:

To enrich and make it more effective mix mustard oilcake, paddy husk, powder of burnt egg shells and plant materials like leaves before allowing for fermentation.

Application:

Sprinkle this solution over one acre of soil either directly or with irrigation water. After 30 days, apply a second dose in between the rows of plants either directly or through irrigation water. 

Treatement: 
Dip the seed or seedlings in Bijsanjibani solution for some time and sown or planted in field after drying in shade. This treatment protects the crops from harmful soil borne and seed borne pathogens during initial stages of germination and establishment. Treated seeds may also inoculate with biofertilizers. Smear the seed are with wood ash paste. Make dry the treated seed in shade and repeat the process for three times to make seedlings/plants tolerant to drought.       

Doses of application:  5% i.e., 5 lit Bijsanjivani in 100 lit water.

Application:
Sow the tested and treated seed in line. This seeds will be smear with clay powder or compost powders are to be dropped in line on soil surface covering the thin layer of compost and mulching. This smearing helps to conserve moisture and protects form birds and also germination will be best on the surface where there is exposure to oxygen.

In Sanskrit Kunapa means smelling of dead body, stinking and Jala means water. So kunapajala means dead body like odered smell.This was used in agriculture from the ancient time.
 
Doses for Application: 1% i.e., 1 lit of solution in 100 lit of water.

Application:  Apply it as spray on plants at 10-15 days interval.

Enrichment: Sesame oil cake, soaked black gram, paddy husk, milk, honey & ghee can use before application to enrich the preparation.

Amrut pani is a special bio-inoculant.

Application: Sprinkle this solution over one acre of soil either directly or with irrigation water. After 30 days, apply a second dose in between the rows of plants either directly or through irrigation water.  

Indigenous knowledge: Dig up the rhizosphere soil from beneath a banyan tree (Ficus bengalensis) as it is considered rich in microbial population. This soil is sprinkled on the soil surface before the application of  amrutpani.

Advantage:  Amrut pani revitalizes the soil and enriches it.

Jeevamrut is another local preparation which has been found very effective as it is rich in microorganisms.    

Application:  The formulation is diluted 5–7 times with water and used for seed/seedling treatment or incorporated in the field with irrigation water.